Jul
26
2010
Many people confuse the jobs of a bookkeeper and an accountant, especially since bookkeepers are sometimes referred to as accounting technicians or accounting clerks. While very similar, a bookkeeper focuses on maintaining timely and accurate records of financial data - ranging from income, payments, sales, and purchases. An accountant, on the other hand, takes the information recorded by the bookkeeper in order to create financial statements. Since the jobs are intertwined, some accountants actually start their careers as bookkeepers.
Bookkeepers often employ one of two methods for documenting financial data. The double entry method, while complex, helps ensure a set of books that are free of mistakes. It employs a balancing system of credits and debits separated by two distinct ledgers within the books. The single entry system is much less complicated and is often the method of choice for small businesses. Data is maintained in a revenue and expense journal and utilizes accounts solely of income and expense.
Several distinctive books are used to log the various financial transactions of a company. Depending on the company, either daybooks or journals are used to record the in-depth financial data created on a daily basis. Ledgers are used to record each section total, such as the ones logged for purchases, sales, cash, credit, etc.
All ledgers contain different areas so they can then be used to create the financial reports, including the balance sheet and the income statement. Ledgers can be used for recording any category. Businesses commonly have customer ledgers (or sales ledgers) where they track transactions with customers. They also have suppliers ledgers (or purchase ledgers) where they can track their transactions with their suppliers. The general ledger will include information on the company’s assets and liabilities, income and expenses.
A bookkeeper will periodically, usually once a week, make sure that the books are balancing properly. What they can do is either print out the database or go through the ledger line by line to make sure that everything is balancing properly. This includes creating a credit and debit column starting with a day of the week, usually corresponding with when your sales week starts and when it ends. This is a good way of making sure that there are not any mistakes in your bookkeeping that could possibly create a ton of problems down the road.
Bookkeeping is not a simple job and the task is not one that is done quickly. Most companies require at least one full-time bookkeeper and it is common for large companies to have several bookkeepers. However, smaller businesses may outsource the bookkeeping work by hiring a service to handle this job for them. When a bookkeeping service is used, a bookkeeper will spend a few hours a week at the company working on the records and being sure that the books stay in balance.
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Tags: accountancy, bookkeeping, finance, small business
